The executive branch of the government of Florida consists of the governor, lieutenant governor, Florida Cabinet (which includes the attorney general, commissioner of agriculture and chief financial officer), and several executive departments.

The Cabinet consists of the attorney general, the commissioner of agriculture and the chief financial officer.

As defined in the Florida Constitution,[4] the attorney general appoints a statewide prosecutor who may prosecute violations of criminal law occurring in or affecting two or more judicial circuits.

[9] The Florida Administrative Register (FAR) is the daily publication containing proposed rules and notices of state agencies.

The Florida Legislature often meets in special sessions, sometimes as many as a half dozen in a year, that are called for particular purposes, such as budget reduction or reforming property insurance.

[27] The White people expelled the Native Americans, who were opposed to leaving their land, before settling Tallahassee.

Richard Keith Call and a founder of Jacksonville, John Bellamy, wanted the capital in what is now Lake County but their efforts failed.

A July 1957 Florida Historical Quarterly article stated that this was because of Tallahassee's distance from other settlements.

Using data from the 2010 U.S. Census, according to the Florida Bureau of Economic and Business Research, the state's center of population was southern Polk County.

Because Tallahassee became increasingly far from many Floridians, there were additional proposals to move the capital to Orlando, a more centrally-located city, in the late 1960s.

Adam C. Smith of the Tampa Bay Times argued in 2016 that Tallahassee is no longer an appropriate location for the capital, and he cited an American Economic Review article that stated that state capitals far from their populations are more prone to corruption than those that are not.

The state officers subject to this requirement are the sheriff, state's attorney, public defender, tax collector, supervisor of elections, clerk of the circuit court (though styled as such, each circuit having multiple counties within its jurisdiction has a separate elected clerk within each county, and the office also handles official county records not pertaining to judicial matters), property appraiser, and judges.

[31] The superintendent is by default an elected official; however, the Florida Constitution allows county voters to make the position an appointed one.

[32] Municipalities in Florida may be called towns, cities, or villages, but there is no legal distinction between the different terms.

Counties and municipalities are authorized to pass laws (ordinances), levy taxes, and provide public services within their jurisdictions.

Notable CDD's include the Reedy Creek Improvement District (the location of Walt Disney World) and substantially all of The Villages (the giant Central Florida retirement community).

Many counties have a "Soil and Water Conservation District," a residue of Dust Bowl politics.