Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia (Russian: Александр Михайлович Aleksandr Mikhailovich; 13 April 1866 – 26 February 1933) was an Imperial Grand Duke and dynast of the House of Romanov of the Russian Empire, a naval officer, an author, explorer, the first cousin once removed of Emperor Nicholas II and advisor to him.

In 1885 Alexander graduated from the Naval College with the rank of midshipman (Russian: мичман); he served in the Navy and participated in voyages.

Alexander took part in the development of programs aimed at rebuilding the fleet, brought them to the attention of governments and the public, and avidly supported the construction of new battleships.

He was the initiator of the officer's aviation school near Sevastopol in 1910 and later the chief of the Imperial Russian Air Service during the First World War.

His memoirs document that he openly challenged Empress Alexandra's political influence on her husband but wished that Nicholas had used troops to resist the revolution.

When Alexander's eldest son, Andrei Alexandrovich, married at Yalta in the Crimea on 12 June 1918,[5] Nicholas, who had abdicated on 15 March 1917, was a prisoner at Yekaterinburg with his family.

His wife and mother-in-law, Empress-Dowager Maria Fyodorovna and his sons as well as other Romanovs, were rescued from the Crimea by the British battleship HMS Marlborough in 1919.

Once a Grand Duke (Farrar & Rinehart 1933) is a source of dynastical and court life in Imperial Russia's last half-century.

[6][7][not specific enough to verify] According to the Encyclopaedia by Serkov, Alexander was a master of the lodge "Karma", who worked in the years 1910–1919 Swedish Rite.