Construction started on Hijri 1 Jumadil Akhir AH 1151 (1738 CE) beside the Kraton Tengkuruk, also known as Kuto Kecik.

At the time of its completion, the Sultan Mosque was believed to be the largest in Indonesia, even in Southeast Asia.,[2] having the capacity to accommodate 1,200 worshippers.

[4] In that same year, a 12 x 18 square meter extension was added to the mosque, expanding its capacity to 2,300 worshippers.

[4] In 1916, the minaret building was restored;[4] In 1930, the pillar columns of the mosque was raised, adding its height to 4 meter.

[4] A new 45 meter high Ottoman-styled minaret was added to the mosque on January 22, 1970; its construction was sponsored by Pertamina.

Being strategically located near the harbor, Lawang Kidul Mosque soon became a gathering point for those who went on the hajj to Mecca.

On the basis of one-sided information, Hurgronje issued an order to close Lawang Kidul Mosque at the end of 1893.

[2] The decision was not met with resistance by the religious elite because by that time the Sultan Mosque was no longer able to contain all its worshippers.