A referendum on the return of King Constantine I was held in Greece on Sunday, 5 December 1920 (22 November o.s.).

The result ensured and affirmed the dominance of the anti-Venizelist camp in the country.

[citation needed] The return of Constantine I was opposed by the Entente powers (United Kingdom and France) because of his pro-German stance during World War I (see National Schism) and applied an economic blockade to Greece.

So his enthusiastic return was short-lived as a result of the disastrous military events that followed in the Asia Minor Campaign of 1922.

Constantine I abdicated on September 27, 1922 in favour of his eldest son, George II.