Greeley Center was established as a town in the late 1880s when the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad was extended to that point.

There were 252 housing units at an average density of 400.0 per square mile (154.4/km2).

40.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 238 housing units at an average density of 378.5 per square mile (146.1/km2).

39.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 23.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.63 square miles (1.63 km2), all of it land.