It is located about 10 km (6 mi) west of the Burin Peninsula of Newfoundland near Point May, and 10 km (6 mi) east of Saint Pierre Island in the French overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon.

The Saint Pierre and Miquelon islands later on were ceded back to France by the 1763 Treaty of Paris and the British and French signatories of the 1783 Treaty of Versailles made it clear that the mid channel line between Newfoundland and Saint Pierre and Miquelon was to be the boundary line.

The March 27, 1972, agreement between Canada and France on their mutual fishing relations determined the demarcation of the limit of their territorial waters.

This agreement confirmed Green Island’s location on the Canadian side of the boundary line.

Google Maps' aerial view displays the straight line boundary with endpoints at the stated coordinates for Points 4 and 5, with this boundary line crossing one of the islands comprising the Little Green Islands.