After the Twelve Years' Truce ended, the Dutch West India Company was founded on 3 June 1621.
[2] Control of the trade itself was necessary because of the high mortality rate from the plantations' harsh conditions and tropical diseases such as malaria.
In December 1623 and January 1624, the fleet left the Republic in two groups, which were assembled in the Cape Verde islands.
Despite already being anticipated by the Spanish-Portuguese Empire, the Dutch siege succeeded when 1,000 Dutchmen surrounded the fort and caused most of its defenders to flee.
After the capture of Elmina on the Gold Coast of Africa failed, the Groot Desseyn was temporarily abandoned.
Although conflict with the native peoples continued, Spain would decisively drop its claims at the end of the Eighty Years' War.
Luanda was recaptured by Portugal in 1648, and two Battles of Guararapes, the first in 1648 and the second in 1649, effectively ended Dutch involvement in Brazil.