The first Europeans to explore the territory of Guaira were the Spanish but they had been unsuccessful in their colonization attempts due to the hostility of the Paranaygua.

One of the first Christians to enter the current territory of Guairá under Paranaygua rule was Mestizo franciscan friar Juan Bernardo Colman.

In 1607, another franciscan priest named Luis de Bolaños had better results and managed to settle the town of Caazapá as an Indian mission.

From 1617 to 1678 there was not much progress in the settlement of new towns in the area until friar Buenaventura de Villasboa, apprentice of Bolaños, makes an expedition towards the east looking for more Indians to Christianize.

By 1785, relatives of governor Juan Ortiz de Zarate owned land in what is now the town of Tebicuary and another Spaniard named Francisco del Monge started the settlement of current Coronel Martinez by donating part of his property to his former employees.

After the independence of Paraguay (1811), pioneers from Villarrica began to explore the surrounding areas looking for wood and more land to grow yerba mate.

After the end of the Paraguayan War in 1870, the region was briefly occupied by the Brazilian Army and in 1889 the first railway passengers arrived to the area in stations built in Villarrica, Borja and a number of unexplored sites that later became towns such as Fassardi and Garay.

[6] The shield is divided into four parts, where there is a typical colonial style house, and the zone's landscape, which includes the Ybyturuzu hills, grapes and sugar cane which are the main crops.

The main industries are a sugar factory in Tebicuary, an alcohol distillery in Troche, footwear and scale manufacturers in Villarrica and yerba mate producers in Paso Yobai and Independencia.

From the founding of the city of Villarrica del Espíritu Santo, work on education began and hasn't stopped since.

Starting in 1585, the Franciscans opened a convent that they named Santa Barbara, and elementary and secondary schools were attached.

In the 17th century, the Paraguay province had free courses in grammar, Philosophy and Sanctity in Asunción and Villarica, under the direction of the Franciscan, Dominican, Merced, and Jesuit priests The first teaching center, sustained by the state of Villarica, dates back to 1859, and was named Escuela La Patria.

Another educational entity is the Institute of Guaraní Linguistics, Idelguap, which teaches the Guarani language, literature, and folklore.

The Ybyturuzu Foundation, an environmental organization, attempts to spread consciousness throughout Guairá's population to keep, protect and defend the important ecosystem of the area.

In terms of their intangible culture, the guireños keep a repertoire of different popular myths and legends, such as pora, pombero, jasy jatere, kurupi, urutau, karau, and jakare, among others.

The Manuel Oritz Guerrero Park is located in the northeast area of the city, between the Ybaroty and San Miguel neighborhoods.

Other cultural centers that one must visit are the Maestro Fermin Lopez Museum and the Library, where one can find the personal belongings of Natalicio Talavera, Fermin Lopez, and Manuel Ortiz, as well as weapons from the Chaco War, a collection of coins and Paraguayan bills, and arrows and axes made by the native peoples.

In the museum one can see, among others, very old objects, old furniture, old machines, paintings, photographs, and different sacred art donated by the Church of Villarica.

In the district of Itape there is a sacred place named the "Paso de la Virgen," whose festival is celebrated on December 18.