Hamakua

[1][2] The rainfall due to the prevailing northeasterly tropical trade winds produces steep erosional valleys and cliffs, showing evidence of frequent landslides.

"[7] In Hawaiian mythology, Mauna Kea was the home of snow goddess Poliʻahu, and the place of several other legends.

The demand for sugar cane rose after the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 reduced tariffs to the United States.

[10] Early investors included Claus Spreckels, Samuel Parker, and Theophilus Harris Davies.

The Board of Health of the Territory of Hawaii, in combined efforts with the local sugar plantations, engaged in a vast rat extermination campaign.

[13] The company was sold by Theo H. Davies & Co. to Francis S. Morgan in 1984 who operated the property for ten years.

Where the terrain of gulches such as Laupāhoehoe, Ka'awali'i, and Maulua was too steep for cultivation, for example, the original forest remains largely intact.

[22] The Hawaii Consolidated Railway was extended to connect the Hāmākua sugarcane plantations to the harbor at Hilo Bay.

On April 1, 1946, a tsunami caused by an Aleutian Islands earthquake damaged the railroad so much it abandoned its tracks.