Hans Christian Erik Midelfort (born April 17, 1942) is C. Julian Bishko Professor Emeritus of History and Religious Studies at the University of Virginia.

He remained at Yale for graduate studies in history under the supervision of Jaroslav Pelikan and other noted scholars such as Hajo Holborn, J. H. Hexter, and Edmund S. Morgan.

Midelfort was member of the Corcoran Department of History at the University of Virginia from 1970 until his retirement in May 2008 when he delivered his final undergraduate lecture on the topic of "Magic and Modernity."

More recently, Midelfort published Exorcism and Enlightenment: Johann Joseph Gassner and the Demons of 18th-Century Germany[5] which emerged from his time as lecturer-in-residence as the Terry Lecturer in Yale University.

Most recently, a collection of Midelfort articles and other writings has been published as Witchcraft, Madness, Society, and Religion in Early Modern Germany: A Ship of Fools.