HMS Kempenfelt was a W-class destroyer flotilla leader of the Royal Navy that served in the Second World War.

She was the second destroyer of her name to have served in the war; the first Kempenfelt was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy in October 1939 and renamed HMCS Assiniboine.

During her time under construction she had been adopted by the civil community of Hammersmith after a successful Warship Week national savings campaign.

Kempenfelt joined the 24th Destroyer Flotilla in the Mediterranean in December 1943, and in January was assigned to support the Allied landings at Anzio (Operation Shingle).

After the completion of Operation Shingle she was released, and spent between February and April escorting convoys and patrolling in the central Mediterranean.

She was then nominated to undergo a refit at Cardiff to prepare her to join the British Eastern Fleet as the leader of the 27th Destroyer Flotilla.

On 22 August she deployed with the flotilla as a screen for the aircraft carriers Indefatigable, Furious and Formidable, the battleship Duke of York and the cruisers Berwick and Devonshire for the air attacks on the Tirpitz (Operation Goodwood).

She sailed on 27 August with the destroyers Whirlwind, Quadrant and Ursa screening the carriers Indomitable and Venerable, and the cruisers Swiftsure, Euryalus and Black Prince to oversee the surrender.