Habsburg–Persian alliance

[1] During the reign of the Persian Shah Ismail, exchanges occurred between him and Charles V, and Ludwig II of Hungary in view of combining against the Ottoman Turks.

[2][5][6] His ambassador to the Shah was the knight of Saint John de Balbi, and an alliance was made with the objective of making an attack on the Ottoman Empire in the west and the east within the following year.

[3] About the same time, envoys were also sent to Persia by King Ferdinand of Austria (and brother of Charles V), in the person of Pietro da Negro and Simon de Lillis, without success.

[9] From that time, as soon as the Ottomans would launch a European campaign, they would be attacked by the Persians on their eastern frontier, forcing Suleiman to return speedily to his capital.

[2] Gabriel de Luetz was able to give decisive military advice to Suleiman, as when he advised on artillery placement during the Siege of Vān.

Attempts at forming a Habsburg–Persian alliance against the Ottoman Empire were first initiated by Charles V and Shah Ismail in 1516–19.
The Persian ambassador Husain Ali Beg during the Persian embassy to Europe (1599–1602) .
Fresco of the Persian embassy to Europe (1609–1615) visiting Pope Paul V in Rome, painted in 1615–1616. Sala dei Corazzieri, Palazzo del Quirinale , Rome .
Abbas I as a new Caesar being honoured by the Trumpets of Fame, together with the Persian embassy to Europe (1609–1615) , in Allégorie de l'Occasion , by Frans II Francken , 1628.