Hacienda Guachalá

After Alonso's death, his wife inherited the encomienda and probably married Martín de Aizaga, who appears as encomendero of Cayambe by 1573 with 2.100 súbditos and a 500 pesos income.

In 1585, the Cayambe Encomienda was transferred to the Spanish crown and the Council of Quito delivered Martin 100 stables (equivalent to 1,100 ha) in Guachalá by way of compensation.

Between the end of 16th and the beginning of the 17th Century, Alonso de Carvajal reached an accord with the natives of Guachalá to graze his sheep in exchange for money.

In 1736 the French Geodesic Mission led by La Condamine and Jorge Juan y Antonio de Ulloa came to Ecuador in representation of Spain.

[10] The historian Ramon Galo also says: In 1840, the Hacienda was purchased by Adolfo Klinger, a German citizen who came to Ecuador with the army of Simon Bolivar under the rank of colonel.

On March 28 and 29th of 1880, the English scientist Edward Whymper discovered in Guachalá eleven new species of insects, of fourteen he found as said in conformity with his journey book.

Nine years later, the brothers Aguirre Montúfar auctioned the Hacienda by 170,000 sucres to pay off debts to Vicente Tinajero a merchant and money-lender, who died in 1891 of typhoid fever.

Although Josefina had been disinherited for getting married with Neptalí Bonifaz Febres, a Peruvian diplomat, she recovers her share of the inheritance thanks to her mother, Carmen Salinas, who bought Guachalá to Tinajero with the help of renowned lawyer Luis Felipe Borja Pérez.

On 1895, the Hacienda administration is handed over to Emilio Bonifaz Febres, Josefina's brother-in-law, who after experimenting with many varieties of grass plants, he publishes a book about the cultivation of pasture in Ecuador.

On 1922 Josefina rents the Hacienda to Juan Manuel Lasso, who, after closing the church pretends to begin a socialist revolution in Ecuador from Guachalá conforming a revolutionary army consisting of Indians and farm workers.

The following year Pambamarca workers, dissatisfied with the butler take the state being suffocated by police sent by the president Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola.

In 1970 another reform promoted by the government limiting the extent of the property, leads to the hacienda owners to get rid of much of their land by giving it to its workers, selling terrains and donating it to their progeny.

When Neptalí Bonifaz wanted to reopen it, Catholic priests were opposed because, in their words, the Old Chapel was profaned by Lasso and he was forced to build a new church.

In the center, above the water pile is a Huaca Siqui, a sacred symbol of Kayambi Culture who survived to destruction after conquest period, given to Diego Bonifaz as a gift by the community of Oyacachi in 1987.

Old Chapel Painting. In the inferior left corner is possible to appreciate the inscription: "Dio este cuadro Doña Ana María Muñoz Chamorro el 1ro enero 1757. (This painting was given by Doña Ana María Muñoz Chamorro January 1, 1757)