It was undoubtedly built around the middle of the 1100s, and after its destruction a hundred years later its granite blocks were used in the foundation of the new church building and recycled by subsequent rebuilding.

A pebbly stone in the southwest corner of the present church deserves special attention, because as it is very likely the cornerstone.

The history of Our Lady's Church was closely linked to the common political and cultural development of Southern Jutland.

[2] In those years, the former Schleswig Diocese was divided between the two parties, and the struggles waved especially back and forth in the area around Flensburg.

In 1415 King Erik secured the Our Lady Church in Haderslev and the whole chapter with offices and cannons, against any kind of taxation and other inconveniences.

The men behind the construction project wanted to create a Gothic cathedral, fully worthy of being the main church of an independent Haderslev Diocese.

Flensburg fell in 1431 to Schleswig-Holstein forces which prevailed in the long-standing war with King Erik, and the dream of a separate Haderslev Diocese had to be abandoned.

[4] In 1627, troops of the Thirty Years' War caused a terrible fire that hit the church and a large part of the city.

The restoration was done by architects Harald Lønborg-Jensen and Helge Holm, thereby giving the church its current appearance.

In the summer of 2009, a major repair was done on the south side of the roof, which was damaged because of the rain and other elements.

The cross also features the figures Mary and John dating from the 1400s and originated from Seem Church near Ribe.

The figures of the twelve apostles date from the 1400s and were previously located in Hertug Hans Hospitalskirke in Haderslev.

The organ currently has 73 ranks divided into four manuals and pedals, making it one of the largest in Denmark.

In the southern side of the cathedral there several paintings, including an aftermath of unknown artists high up on the east wall.