[3] Although this genetic exchange ordinarily occurs between two cells of the same species, it can also occur at a lower frequency between an H. mediterranei and an H. volcani cell.

[3] During this exchange process, a diploid cell is formed that contains the full genetic repertoire of both parental cells, and genetic recombination is facilitated.

[1] Several species and novel binomial names have been proposed, but not validly published.

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

[2] H. namakaokahaiae McDuff et al. 2017 H. elongans H. larsenii H. sulfurifontis H. mediterranei H. mucosum H. chudinovii Saralov et al. 2014 H. denitrificans H. lucentense corrig.