The present building was constructed in 1922 to replace the previous 1833 Neoclassical courthouse that had been destroyed by fire in 1921.

[8] In 1863, when Winchester was no longer a safe location for the storage of Hampshire County's records and they again risked destruction by Union Army forces,[7][8] White's son Captain Christian Streit White took responsibility for the records and transferred them to Front Royal.

[8][9] When Front Royal became endangered by advancing Union Army forces, Captain White had the records moved to Luray Caverns where they remained for several months.

[6][8][9] In the Fall of 1864, the county's record books were rescued by Captain White and his company as Union Army troops were in the process of destroying them.

[8][9] Captain White's company loaded about 150 record books into a wagon and they were taken to North Carolina where they remained safely for the duration of the war.