A product of Shandong Luneng's youth academy, Han Peng made his debut for the club on 10 March 2002 against Sichuan Guancheng.

On 19 December 2015, Han moved to China League One side Beijing Renhe with a two-year contract on a free transfer.

[6] Despite this result, he would quickly become an integral part of Zhu Guanghu's squad that achieved qualification for the 2007 AFC Asian Cup and even scored his first goal against Iraq on 15 November 2006 in a 1–1 draw.

[7] During the tournament, Han found himself playing as a lone striker with fellow partner Li Jinyu completely dropped from the squad.

Vladimir Petrović was brought in as the new manager for the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification and he still considered Han as China's best striker.