Hans-Emil Schuster (born 19 September 1934 in Hamburg) is a German astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets, who retired in October 1991.

From 1982 he was married to Rosemarie Schuster née von Holt (28 March 1935 – 18 September 2006) He discovered periodic comet 106P/Schuster.

Photographic plates were taken with the ESO's 1-meter Schmidt Telescope at La Silla.

He co-discovered the Phoenix Dwarf galaxy (with Richard M. West), and in 1976 also discovered the Eridanus Globular Cluster, one of the most distant globular clusters in the galactic halo.

On 21 October 2011 he was awarded the rank of Commander of the Order of Bernardo O'Higgins in recognition of his important contribution to astronomy in Chile.