She studied immunology and pathology at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, graduating with the degree of Master of Science in those fields in 1999.
[5] Mayanja-Kizza has worked as a lecturer in the Department of Internal Medicine at Makerere University Medical School.
[5][6] She has presented widely at national, regional, and International conferences and has published extensively in peer journals.
Her research studies, are in the areas of immunopathogenesis, and immune-modulation treatments among patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and tuberculosis.
[12] Some of her articles with more than 100 citations include; A blood RNA signature for tuberculosis disease risk: a prospective cohort study (2016),[13] Outcomes of cryptococcal meningitis in Uganda before and after the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (2008),[14] A study of the safety, immunology, virology, and microbiology of adjunctive etanercept in HIV-1-associated tuberculosis (2004),[15] Impact of tuberculosis (TB) on HIV-1 activity in dually infected patients (2001),[16] Patient and health service delay in pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending a referral hospital: a cross-sectional study (2005),[17] Predictors of long-term viral failure among Ugandan children and adults treated with antiretroviral therapy (2007),[18] Four-gene pan-African blood signature predicts progression to tuberculosis (2018),[19] Sero-prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection among health care workers in a tertiary hospital in Uganda (2010),[20] Novel serologic biomarkers provide accurate estimates of recent Plasmodium falciparum exposure for individuals and communities (2015),[21] Immunoadjuvant prednisolone therapy for HIV-associated tuberculosis: a phase 2 clinical trial in Uganda (2005),[22] Combination therapy with fluconazole and flucytosine for cryptococcal meningitis in Ugandan patients with AIDS (1998),[23] Severe sepsis in two Ugandan hospitals: a prospective observational study of management and outcomes in a predominantly HIV-1 infected population (2009),[24] Immunological mechanisms of human resistance to persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (2018),[25] IFN-γ-independent immune markers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure (2019),[26] Genome scan of M. tuberculosis infection and disease in Ugandans (2008),[27] Acceptance of routine testing for HIV among adult patients at the medical emergency unit at a national referral hospital in Kampala, Uganda (2007),[28] Diagnostic performance of a seven-marker serum protein biosignature for the diagnosis of active TB disease in African primary healthcare clinic attendees with signs and symptoms suggestive of TB (2016),[29] The impact of early monitored management on survival in hospitalized adult Ugandan patients with severe sepsis: a prospective intervention study (2012),[30] High T-cell immune activation and immune exhaustion among individuals with suboptimal CD4 recovery after 4 years of antiretroviral therapy in an African cohort (2011),[31] FCRL5 Delineates Functionally Impaired Memory B Cells Associated with Plasmodium falciparum Exposure (2015),[32] Concise gene signature for point‐of‐care classification of tuberculosis (2016), Relationship of immunodiagnostic assays for tuberculosis and numbers of circulating CD4+ T-cells in HIV infection (2010)[33]