During the World War I era, he served from September 1918 to April 1919 and was a private in the United States Army Judge Advocate General's Department.
He was a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania from 1936 to 1937.
[3] Kalodner received a recess appointment from President Franklin D. Roosevelt on July 6, 1938, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania vacated by Judge Albert Branson Maris.
He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 30, 1939, and received his commission on May 4, 1939.
[3] Kalodner was nominated by President Harry S. Truman on May 21, 1946, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit vacated by Judge Charles Alvin Jones.