[2] Per Japanese census data,[3] the population of Hashima has recently plateaued after a long period of growth.

During the post-Meiji restoration cadastral reforms, the area was organised into Hashima District, Gifu.

On April 1, 1954 Takenohana merged with nine neighbouring villages to form the city of Hashima.

[4] Hashima has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 18 members.

[5] Hashima is a regional commercial center, with agriculture and light industry, notably that of woven cloth dominating the local economy.