Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using a two round electoral system.

The 2nd constituency of Haute-Saône is centered on the small towns of Héricourt and Lure it covers the eastern portion of the department.

The conservative UMP took the seat at the 2002 election before quickly losing it to the Socialists in 2007.

The Socialist Jean-Michel Villaumé was narrowly re-elected with a majority of just 246 at the 2012 election suggesting the seat can be classified as marginal.

In 2017, Christophe Lejeune won the seat for President Emmanuel Macron's centrist LREM party, but lost re-election to Emeric Salmon of the far-right RN party.