Hautefaye (French pronunciation: [otfaj]; Occitan: Autafaia) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in south-western France.

It gained particular notoriety for a mob attack and murder of an innocent man, Alain de Moneys, at the time of the Franco-Prussian War, in mid-August 1870.

Within three weeks, Emperor Napoleon III would be captured by the enemy and his regime overthrown by a self-proclaimed Government for National Defence.

During a fair at Hautefaye, matters turned ugly when an aristocratic cousin of a young nobleman named Alain de Monéys reported the war was not going well.

The parish priest tried to calm the mob by offering drinks to divert their attention but, however well-meaning the effort may have been, it probably made the crowd even more intoxicated than they already were and more dangerous.

It is alleged that those who took part in the killing collected fat dripping from his burning body onto bread, eating the resulting tartines.

On 16 August 1970, a century after the tragedy and at the initiative of one of the villagers, the Hautefaye church held a "Mass of forgiveness" in the presence of descendants of the family of Alain of Monéys and those of his killers.