Health in Brazil

[3] Brazil has reduced the malaria incidence by over 56%in the past decade compared to the year 2000, but yet it is the country in the region of the americas with the highest number of cases.

[19] According to the IBGE, Brazil will need some time to catch up with Japan, Hong Kong (China), Switzerland, Iceland, Australia, France and Italy, where the average life expectancy is already over 82.

[23] Data from a study covering all live births in Porto Alegre from 2000 to 2017 revealed a correlation between fewer prenatal care consultations and higher infant mortality rates (Anele et al., 2021).

The research examined infant mortality rates concerning three components of The Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI): longevity, education, and income.

[26] These issues tend to be inaccurate due to a huge amount of underreporting and questions related to the cultural validity and the contextual soundness of these mortality statistics.

There is a solution to this issue however and scientists stress that quality local-level cultural data can serve to craft as the alternative and appropriate method to measure infant death in Brazil accurately.

[28][29] The Brazilian government issued nutrition guidelines in 2014 [30] which subsequently caught the attention of public health experts for its simplicity and their critical position towards the food industry.

[31] In September 2020, the Ministry of Agriculture published a technical note saying that the guidelines unjustly attack industrialized foods and asked for revision of the recommendation.

Further on, the document provided guidance and strategies focusing on evidence and information management, awareness and education, potential alliances, and adaptation measures.

In December 2020, Brazil submitted to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) an updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement, with the compromise of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 37% until 2025 and 43% until 2030, relative to 2005.

[35][36] Even so, in May 2021, seven Brazilian-healthcare institutions (out of 43 in the world so far) joined the Race to Zero campaign, a United Nations initiative to promote leadership and ramp up the move to achieve net zero and a healthier, greener, and sustainable economy.