Heat illness
[10] The chronically ill and elderly are often taking prescription medications (e.g., diuretics, anticholinergics, antipsychotics, and antihypertensives) that interfere with the body's ability to dissipate heat.
[11] Heat edema presents as a transient swelling of the hands, feet, and ankles and is generally secondary to increased aldosterone secretion, which enhances water retention.
When combined with peripheral vasodilation and venous stasis, the excess fluid accumulates in the dependent areas of the extremities.
The sweat ducts may become dilated and may eventually rupture, producing small pruritic vesicles on an erythematous base.
Once heat rash has developed, the initial treatment involves the application of chlorhexidine lotion to remove any desquamated skin.
[13] Heat cramps are painful, often severe, involuntary spasms of the large muscle groups used in strenuous exercise.
[14] They usually develop in people performing heavy exercise while sweating profusely and replenishing fluid loss with non-electrolyte containing water.
Heat syncope is believed to result from intense sweating, which leads to dehydration, followed by peripheral vasodilation and reduced venous blood return in the face of decreased vasomotor control.
Wearing support stockings and engaging in deep knee-bending movements can help promote venous blood return.
After discharge from the hospital, patients are instructed to rest, drink plenty of fluids for 2–3 hours, and avoid the heat for several days.
[17] Other complications of heat stroke include respiratory distress syndrome in adults and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
[18] Some researchers have noted that any compromise to the human body's ability to thermoregulate would in theory increase risk of mortality.
[19] The month of August, which is associated with pre-season football camps across the country, accounts for 66.3% of exertion heat-related illness time-loss events.
[20] Most commonly males are brought in 72.5% and persons 15–19 years of age 35.6%[20] When taking into consideration all high school athletes, heat illness occurs at a rate of 1.2 per 100,000 kids.
[22] After transportation and material moving, Production placed second followed by protective services, installation, maintenance, and repair and construction all in succession[22] A 2016 U.S. government report said that climate change could result in "tens of thousands of additional premature deaths per year across the United States by the end of this century.
