Johann Heinrich Rudolf Schenck (31 January 1860 – 25 June 1927) was a German botanist who was a native of Siegen.
Schenck undertook important research involving adaptation of water plants to their underwater environment.
In 1886-87 he accompanied Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper (1856–1901) on a scientific expedition to Brazil, and in 1908 performed botanical investigations in Mexico.
He also made important contributions to Eduard Strasburger's Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen.
In 1991, botanist J.Javier Ortíz published Schenckochloa is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Poaceae.