In 1900 she began her career as a writer and met her future husband Jan Malíř whom she married in 1904; but their relationship did not last long because Malír died of tuberculosis in 1909.

She met her future partner, the writer Ivan Olbracht, in Vienna and under his influence joined the Social Democratic Party.

[1] Malířová, Olbracht and other well-known writers signed the 1929 Manifesto of the Seven in protest against the cultural policy of the new KSČ leadership.

Malířová also wrote fairy tales and children's literature and translated the works of famous European writers such as Victor Hugo, Claude Farrère, B. Traven and Thomas Mann.

In 1936, she again traveled to several European countries and visited, together with a delegation of Czech intellectuals, Spain during the Civil War to support the Republican cause.