The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories is an anthology of writings by Ernest Hemingway published by Scribner's on October 14, 1938.

Its main character, Philip Rawlings, is an American-born secret agent for the Second Spanish Republic.

The play was poorly received upon publication and has been overshadowed by many of the short stories in the anthology.

This production was heavily edited by Benjamin Glazer with significant revisions to the script.

[5][4] Among the short stories, the book includes Hemingway's previous volumes and added his latest published works "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber", "The Snows of Kilimanjaro", "The Capital of the World" and "Old Man at the Bridge" as well as his very first writing, "Up in Michigan".