[3] This species is native to South America and originates from the Amazon, Maroni, Orinoco, and Paraná River basins.

[5] This species is rather rare, confined to the deeper and slow-moving parts of large rivers together with some Loricaria and Potamotrygon.

[4] During the receding period, these fish migrate and leave the flooded areas and return to the river channel.

This animal is found in the fish market of Cuiabá River in March, April, September, and October.

In the southern Pantanal, landing data, including professional and recreational fishing results for 1999, recorded 7.8 metric tons.