Henrietta Godolphin, suo jure Duchess of Marlborough (19 July 1681 – 24 October 1733) was the daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, general of the army, and Sarah Jennings, Duchess of Marlborough, close friend and business manager of Queen Anne.

Henrietta Churchill when her father was made a Scottish Lord of Parliament in 1682.

She became Lady Henrietta Churchill in 1689, when her father was created Earl of Marlborough.

Following his death in 1722, Lady Godolphin became suo jure Duchess of Marlborough.

She bore five children during her marriage to Lord Godolphin: The Duchess died in 1733, aged 52, in Harrow, Middlesex, and was buried on 9 November 1733 in Westminster Abbey.