Henrique Carlos da Mata Galvão (4 February 1895 – 25 June 1970) was a Portuguese military officer, writer and politician.

In this report, Galvão condemned the "shameful outrages" he had uncovered under the then "Statute of the Indigenous", notably the forced labour of "women, of children, [and] of decrepit old men."

Shortly before the Portuguese Colonial War, on 22 January 1961, Galvão led the Santa Maria hijacking, also known as Operation Dulcinea.

Galvão used the hijacking to send radio broadcasts from the ship calling attention to his concerns and views on what he characterized as the fascist Portuguese regime.

One of the hijackers, Camilo Mortágua, needlessly and with the reproval of Galvão,[citation needed] shot and killed the third mate, João José da Conceição Costa.

Henrique Galvão's writing can be seen in famous published works, including the five-volume 1933 study Da vida e da morte dos bichos: subsídios para o estudo da fauna de Angola e notas de caça (Of Animals Life and Death: Contributions to the Study of the Fauna of Angola and Hunting Notes), co-authored with Teodósio Cabral and Abel Pratas,[1] and Outras Terras, Outras Gentes.