Henrique Pereira Rosa (18 January 1946 – 15 May 2013) was a Bissau-Guinean politician who served as interim President of Guinea-Bissau from 2003 to 2005.

His appointment came following a military coup that deposed the elected government of President Kumba Ialá on 14 September, and subsequent talks between political officials, civil society leaders, and the Military Committee for the Restitution of Constitutional and Democratic Order, led by Veríssimo Correia Seabra.

The main goal of the Rosa-led caretaker government was to administer elections that would return the country to constitutional, democratic rule.

Additionally, during the two-year interim presidency, Rosa's government managed to bring a level of political stability to Guinea-Bissau along with notable improvements to the country's human rights record.

On 15 May 2013, Rosa died at a hospital in Porto, in northern Portugal, after losing a nine-month battle with lung cancer.