He wrote many articles for agricultural periodicals, and Sheep Husbandry, the "sheepman's bible" of the times, as well as books on the subject including The Practical Shepherd, first published in 1863.
On February 4, 1834, Randall married in Auburn, New York, Jane Rebecca Polhemus, the daughter of Rev.
They had a son, Roswell Stephens Randall (born November 8, 1834) who married Mary Forby, of Albany, New York.
In a letter to James Parton he relates that the family believed Jefferson's nephew Peter Carr was the father of Sally Hemings's children.
Randall was a delegate to the 1860 Democratic National Convention; and a member of the New York State Assembly (Cortland Co.) in 1871.