His mother, Helen, daughter of Gregory Vicars and sister of John Viccars,[1] married, in 1637, as her second husband, Obadiah Grew.
[2] Sampson paid special attention to the study of Hebrew and New Testament Greek, and collected a library of critical editions of the scriptures.
In 1650 he was presented by his college to the rectory of Framlingham, Suffolk, vacated by the sequestration of Richard Goultie for refusing the engagement.
At the Restoration Goultie was replaced in the rectory, but Sampson continued for some time to preach privately at Framlingham, and founded an independent congregation, later Unitarian.
He died on 23 July 1700, and was buried in August at Clayworth, Nottinghamshire, where his brother, William Sampson, was rector.
He published Disputatio … de celebri indicationum fundamento, Contraria contrariis curari, &c., Leyden, 1668, and contributed papers on morbid anatomy to the Philosophical Transactions, 1674, 1678, 1681, 1695.