Henry XVI of Bavaria (1386 – 30 July 1450, in Landshut), (German: Heinrich der Reiche, Herzog von Bayern-Landshut), since 1393 Duke of Bavaria-Landshut.

Henry was the oldest child of Frederick and Maddalena and he had two younger sisters Elizabeth and Magdalena, as well as an older half-sister, Isabella from his fathers first marriage to Anna of Neuffen.

Since Henry and Margaret were related within the third degree, a papal dispensation had to be granted from Pope Alexander VI.

Having inherited not only the black hair but also the despotic temperament of the Visconti, Henry oppressed very cruelly uprisings of the citizenry of Landshut in 1410 and fought successfully against his cousin Louis VII the Bearded, the duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt.

He was married in Landshut 25 November 1412 to Margaret, daughter of Duke Albert IV of Austria and Joanna Sophia of Bavaria.