[3] He became the director of the Madison Association of Commerce in 1932, holding that position until 1934, when he won a modest plurality in the six-way primary election of the newly organized Wisconsin Progressive Party for the 1st Dane County district (the City of Madison) of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and in the general election unseated the incumbent, Republican Francis Lamb, with 9573 votes to 7932 for Lamb, 3966 for Democrat Fred T. Frusher, and 331 for independent Leo Bassett.
[4] In 1936, after easily winning his primary over a single challenger, he won re-election, with 16,077 votes to 8206 for Republican Virgil Roick and 3012 for Democrat Fred F. Frusher, Jr.
[5] In 1938, he managed a modest plurality over two challengers in the primary, and won re-election in the general with 11,093 votes to 7774 for Republican Carl Danhouser and 1812 for Democrat Arthur Metz.
[7] In 1944, he was the Progressive nominee for the United States House of Representatives from Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district.
[1] His April 1950 resignation from the school board was so that he could serve the first of two terms on the Madison City Council, to which he'd just been elected.