Hewitt Leonidas Bouanchaud (August 19, 1877 – October 17, 1950) was a Democratic politician in the U.S. state of Louisiana.
A native of Pointe Coupee Parish, Bouanchaud was elected a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives in 1904.
In 1920, he was elected lieutenant governor as the running mate to gubernatorial candidate John M. Parker, a Democrat formerly affiliated with the Progressive Party.
Among Bouanchaud's opponents was state court Judge Philip H. Gilbert of Assumption Parish, who was subsequently the interim lieutenant governor from 1926 to 1928.
In 1924, Lieutenant Governor Bouanchaud ran for governor against Henry L. Fuqua, and Huey Pierce Long, Jr. Bouanchaud and Fuqua received the most votes in the first Democratic primary held on January 15, 1924, with Long of Winnfield, having been eliminated from contention that year.