It has unlimited original jurisdiction to determine the Law of Tuvalu and hears appeals from the lower courts.

The Chief Justice delivered directions as to how the governor-general should proceed to take any action he considers to be appropriate under Section 116(1) of the Constitution, acting in his own deliberate judgment, rather than as advised by the cabinet.

Teonea v. Pule o Kaupule of Nanumaga was a judgment of Ward CJ given delivered 11 October 2005.

[9] Following the election of Kausea Natano as prime minister following the 2019 Tuvaluan general election, the justice minister, Simon Kofe, announced a two-member tribunal to investigate Mr Sweeney on allegations of judicial misconduct.

The Hon Justice Michael Finnane RFD QC served as a Judge of the High Court of Tuvalu in 2017.

In 2021, Sir John Baptist Muria was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Tuvalu.