It was founded in 1902, and was known as High School Affiliated to National Central University (國立中央大學附屬中學) before 1949, and High School Affiliated to Nanjing University (南京大學附屬中學) during a short period later, until 1952.

Teacher exchanges and pupil visits have been conducted annually between the two institutions since 2007.

In 2007, the school became a member of International Baccalaureate and now offers IB Diploma Programme taught in English.

[1] In a 2016 ranking of Chinese high schools that send students to study in American universities, it ranked number 22 in mainland China in terms of the number of students entering top American universities.

Not only does the program offer students an international academic environment, but it also fosters the relationship between the two countries.