The two-story brick building was built in 1901 as a courthouse and county office building to a design by Boston architect Daniel H. Woodbury,[2] and is a good example of Classical Revival architecture.

It is trimmed with granite and cast stone, and has rusticated brickwork at its corners, and a cornice decorated with dentil and egg-and-dart moulding.

[3] Construction of a new courthouse in Nashua was authorized in 1901, after significant population growth in the region taxed the existing county's facilities.

The building was completed in 1903, housing probate facilities and county offices on the ground floor, the main superior court chamber on the upper floor, and vaults and jail cells in the basement.

[3] At the time of its National Register listing in 1985, it was still in used as a courthouse; that function and other county facilities have been relocated to a new building on Spring Street.