[3] People follow traditions belonging to Shaivism, Shaktism, Tantra, and an indigenous form of Vaishnavism called Ekasarana Dharma; taken together the practitioners constitute around 61% of the state population as per the 2011 Census.

[15][16] The Vaishnavism which is a prominent sect of Hinduism in Assam do not believe in idol worship and perform "Naamkirtan", where the glory of formless Lord Vishnu is recited and chanted.

Cows (sacred animal in Hinduism) are bathed and smeared with turmeric and pulses near pond, and are worshiped as part of the festivities by Assamese Hindu agriculturalists throughout Assam.

[21] Navagraha temple are an important pilgremages sites devoted to Navagraha—the nine (nava) major celestial bodies (Grahas) meaning planets of Hindu astronomy.

[31][incomplete short citation] 32 local groups in Assam are demanding protection of Assamese rights, seeking to preserve the state's culture and interests.

Loud music during Hindu festivals like Holi and BolBom (Bolbam Dham) has been requested to be stopped by the demonstrators, targeting the non-Assamese community and also advocating for 100% job reservation for Assamese people in Dibrugarh district.

[32] A 17-year-old girl's alleged assault in Assam's Sivasagar sparked protests against "non-Assamese" business owners, escalating into threats from militant group ULFA(I) and a public apology from Marwari representatives.

A meeting was held on Tuesday, led by State Cabinet Minister Ranoj Pegu, with representatives from both Assamese nationalist and Marwari groups to address the issue.

During the campaign, these Bengali Hindus faced systematic persecution, which led to the forced migration of around 5 lakh people from Assam to Bengal.

In recent years, similar rhetoric has resurfaced, sparking fears that the struggles of Bengali Hindus in Assam are far from over, as they once again find themselves on the receiving end of exclusion and marginalization.

[34][35] The 2003 attacks on Biharis in Assam were a series of violent incidents that led to 29 fatalities across various districts, with the violence largely attributed to the growing frustration among unemployed Assamese youth and the influence of militant groups.

The attacks targeted Bihari migrants, with the United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) being suspected of orchestrating many of the killings, including the brutal murder of a family of six in Dibrugarh.

The government responded by imposing curfews and deploying the military to maintain order, while local authorities used force to disperse violent mobs in Tinsukia.

The violence highlighted the socio-political tensions in the region, exacerbated by ethnic divisions and unemployment, and left a lasting impact on Assamese-Bihari relations.

[36][37][38] On December 25, 2022, members of the Veer Lachit Sena, a right-wing group in Assam, harassed two Bihari employees at a petrol pump in Guwahati.

The incident began the previous day, when a verbal altercation between two Assamese customers and the petrol pump staff escalated into a physical fight.

The Sena responded by publicly humiliating two Bihari workers, forcing them to kneel and perform sit-ups, demanding that they "not touch Assamese people" again.

The group’s leader, Bikash Baruah, claimed that the staff had attacked the Assamese customers, though the workers involved were not part of the altercation.

A petrol pump cashier, Shashi Singh, witnessed the events and reported that the attackers also instructed the workers that "not a single Bihari should be seen" in Assam.

The incident raised concerns among the Bihari migrant workers in Assam about their safety and security, prompting calls for governmental intervention.