History of Nizhny Novgorod
[1] Citizens organized an army to liberate Moscow from the Poles in 1611, led by Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky.
During the World War II, the city sent to the front a huge amount of military equipment and ammunition.
In the Oka estuary formed a comfortable place to gather Murom and Suzdal armies for war against Volga Bulgaria.
Archaeological data does not support any of the hypotheses, since there are no earlier buildings on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin or in the vicinity of the city.
There are several assumptions about its appearance: The foundation of Nizhny Novgorod (1221) and Ustiug (1212) was the beginning of an active Suzdalian expansion into the Mordva and Volga Bulgar lands.
[7] In 1226, Sviatoslav and Ivan (brothers of Prince Yuri II of Vladimir) successfully conquered several Erzyan villages.
In February 1238, Gorodets and his surroundings were attacked by one of the independently operating detachments scattered throughout the territory of the Vladimir principality after the capture of the capital.
[citation needed] After the 1238 Battle of the Sit River, Sviatoslav Vsevolodovich was prince of Suzdal, under whose jurisdiction Nizhny Novgorod and Gorodets also fell.
In 1320, after the death of Boris Danilovich, Nizhny Novgorod once again became subordinate to the Vladimir principality for a short period of time.
In response, Khan Uzbek called on the Moscow prince Ivan Kalita to ruin the Tver Duchy.
[citation needed] In 1341, after the death of Ivan Kalita, Khan Uzbek divided the main territories of northeastern Rus'.
Part of the land, which included Nizhny Novgorod, Gorodets and Unzha, became the property of Prince Konstantin of Suzdal.
In the battle on Pyana River, the Russian army suffered a severe defeat from the Horde prince Arapsha.
[citation needed] The death of Prince Dmitry Konstantinovich in 1383 triggered a decade-long war of succession between his brother and his sons.
After Vasily III's attack on Kazan in 1523, the city of Vasil was founded, which becomes a border town, instead of Nizhny Novgorod.
[18] In the Time of Troubles, Nizhny Novgorod, along with the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, continues to support Moscow.
As the people's army moved towards Moscow, the cities were liberated from the Polish occupation, and the provisional power of Prince Pozharsky was established in them.
After the visit of Empress Catherine II, a new regular city plan was drawn up, providing for a quarterly system.
Among the arriving landlords are Nikolay Karamzin, Vasily Pushkin, Konstantin Batyushkov and Sergey Glinka, who organize their literary club here.
In 1849, near Nizhny Novgorod, in the village of Sormovo was founded a large industrial enterprise Sormovsky plant.
Governor Pavel-Simon Unterberger reported to the police department:[19]At the rallies, meetings, evenings, speakers make speeches by which they call upon the population and the working class to disobey the authorities, to overthrow the existing government, to universal armament and revolution.
Proclamations of extreme parties are distributed at rallies and meetings, and donations are collected for general armamentIn the first days of November 1905 he was recalled from Nizhny Novgorod.
On its basis was formed Nizhny Novgorod Polytechnic Institute.After the February Revolution, the situation in the city began to heat up.
In 1942, Senior Lieutenant Pyotr Shavurin of the 722nd air defense missile made two successful rams, becoming the only Soviet pilot who had unconditional confirmation of two "battering" victories.
In 1957, the Krasnoye Sormovo plant produces a high-speed hydrofoil vessel Raketa-1 (chief designer Rostislav Alekseyev).
The defense enterprises located in the city (Krasnoye Sormovo, Sokol plant) attracted the attention of foreign special services.
October 22, 1990 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR Gorky was renamed back to Nizhny Novgorod.
Since September 2011, work is under way to solve the problem of transport hubs in the city center: the approaches to bridges are expanding and improving.
[33] International attention was drawn to Nizhny Novgorod in November 2011, when twenty-six mummified women and girls stolen from local cemeteries were found in the apartment of historian Anatoly Moskvin and his parents.
All the ancient streets were restored, new museums were opened, and a grand FIFA Fan Fest took place on the main Minin and Pozharsky square.
