History of Tulsa, Oklahoma
Each of the larger tribes received reservation land holdings, individual governments were formed, and tribal citizens worked to rebuild their institutions, often as farmers, trappers, and ranchers.
The majority of the American Indians (including the numerous Muscogee and Cherokee settlers) were removed from the Southern states.
Driven from their native Alabama, and led by their chief, Achee Yahola, the Lochapokas established a new home at a site near present-day Cheyenne Avenue and 18th Street.
Irving accompanied a U.S. Army exploration party on an excursion from Fort Gibson west onto the prairie and the lands occupied by the Osage and Pawnee tribes.
In it, he relates camping in a grove of large trees on the banks of the Arkansas River a few miles south of the present day Tulsa city-limits (now in the suburb of Bixby).
The reconstruction period after the war contributed to the growth of the area; in 1879 the first post office opened on a ranch belonging to one of Lewis' sons, Josiah Chouteau Perryman, southeast of town.
According to Oklahoma historian, Angie Debo, Lewis Perryman had multiple wives and many children, including at least five sons: Legus C., Sanford W., Thomas W., George and Josiah C., all of whom became prominent in Tulsa's early history.
[7] The Federal Government split between the anti-slavery Unionists and the pro-slavery secessionists, law and order began to collapse into anarchy in the Indian Territory.
Upon learning that a force composed of Texas Cavalry and Confederate-supporting Indians was enroute to capture them, they commenced an orderly flight to find safety at a Federal fort in Kansas.
On December 9, as Cooper and his troops advanced toward Tulsey Town along Bird Creek, the Unionists ambushed both ends of his column.
He saw the defection of so many Cherokees as a bad omen, and ordered part of his command to march directly to Fort Gibson while he and the rest of his troops camped at Choska.
The Hall brothers, James M. and Harry C., who had operated the railway's company store in Vinita chose the point at which the railroad stopped.
When the Halls discovered that the Creek Nation had fewer restrictions on the activities of white merchants, they moved the store a couple of miles west to what would become First street and erected a more permanent wooden building.
(Jeff Archer), a mixed-blood Cherokee, opened a general store on First street, north of the Frisco railroad track.
In 1905, he died in a tragic accident at his store, when an inebriated customer's firearm discharged into the area where Archer kept explosives, causing a keg of powder to explode.
Few homes were large enough to isolate a patient from others in the family, so Dr. Fred S. Clinton, a pioneer surgeon, set up the area's first hospital in a four-room cottage near the intersection of Archer and Greenwood.
Therefore, Tulsa built a pumping plant in 1904 to deliver water from the Arkansas River to a standpipe atop a hill north of downtown.
It also laid the foundation for Tulsa to become a leader in many businesses related to oil and gas, in addition to being the physical center of the growing petroleum industry.
Wealthy oilmen such as Waite Phillips, William G. Skelly and J. Paul Getty built stately mansions and beautiful modern headquarters.
White assailants utilized private planes to drop munitions on, as well as, shoot at fleeing blacks in the Tulsa Greenwood community.
Following the war, Tulsa become an important maintenance center for American Airlines and numerous other aviation related businesses developed alongside.
A contest also took place, under which, the car and 100 dollars in a savings account were to be awarded to the person (or their descendant) who would come the closest in guessing the city's population in 2007.
[36] In 2015, it was announced that rust removal work on Miss Belvedere was finished, and she would be displayed at the Historic Auto Attractions Museum in Roscoe, Illinois.
TDA acquires distressed or unwanted properties within designated urban renewal zones in order to encourage new and better development.
Crystal City which had been a gathering place of entertainment with amusement rides during the Depression was a thriving strip mall on old Route 66 in Red Fork on Southwest Blvd between 41st St and 33rd West Ave.
However, recovery was reported beginning as early as 2004 and by 2006 the total number of jobs in Tulsa had increased to levels exceeding those prior to the downturn.
The efforts by city leaders led to the passage of the "Vision 2025" program in 2003 with the purpose of enhancing and revitalizing Tulsa's infrastructure.
The multi-purpose arena, designed by famed architect Cesar Pelli, serves as the home for the city's minor league hockey team, as well as a venue for major concerts and conventions.
[45] The Kaiser Family Foundation also funded and operates the Guthrie Green, an urban park and entertainment space in the Tulsa Arts District on the square block between Reconciliation Way & Cameron and Boston Avenue & MLK Blvd.
Guthrie Green hosts a variety of events, concerts, movies, and fitness classes, all free and open to the public.
