According to many folk legends and historical records, this mountainous area has no name in the past and was the dispute location of many powerful families in the Sino-Vietnamese border.

After becoming officially a part of Annam from the 18th century under the consent of the Qing Dynasty, this land almost existed as the property of Vàng family.

Since the 1980s, a migration movement has been launched in the Red River Delta in order to resolve the economic downturn in urban and also help restore the population in the border area.

An afforestation program by UNICEF and Vietnamese government's sponsor has soon turned Hoàng Su Phì into the most valuable wooden material address in the Northern Vietnam.

Until the early 2020s, most residents in this area were descendants of agricultural and forestry engineers, that is, those who left poor villages from Hanoi or Nam Định to reclaim in the 1980-90s.