[2] The Holy See has decided to withhold recognition of Kosovo[a] as part of an agreement with Russia and the Russian Orthodox Church, and this has led to a warming of Vatican-Serbia relations.

[3] Economic, social and political interactions between Italia and Serbia are of historical longue durée and were intensive ever since the Roman Empire conquered the region.

The baptism of Grand Prince of Serbia Stefan Nemanja was latin rite catholic, in the Serbian Medieval State of Duklja.

The coronation of Grand Prince of Serbia Stefan the First-Crowned (1165–1228) was performed by a legate of Pope Urban II, which led some Serbian historians to conclude that Stefan converted to Catholicism.

Popular legend claims that the Žiča Monastery, seat of the Serbian Orthodox Church between 1219–1253, was intentionally constructed on the halfway between Rome and Constantinople.