Located at the south apron of the former Kai Tak Airport, the hospital has 468 beds for inpatients and day-patients, providing mainly tertiary services for complex and rare paediatric cases.

Funded by the Hong Kong Government, construction of the HK$13 billion hospital began in August 2013.

[5] The hospital, originally named the Centre of Excellence in Paediatrics, was first announced in the 2007 policy address given by Donald Tsang, the former Chief Executive of Hong Kong.

A design-and-build contract for the new hospital was awarded in July 2013 to a joint venture comprising Chinese state-owned contractor China State and Hong Kong firm Shui On Construction.

[10] In February 2025, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital suspended its ear, nose, and throat department due to a shortage of staff.