The self-identification of the Hong Kong people became considered as nationalism when local discourse developed claims of self-determination, autonomy and varying degrees of separation from China.
[4] Tens of thousands of people moved to Hong Kong in 1949 to escape the Chinese Communist Revolution.
[7][8] In the mid-20th century, anti-colonial Hong Kong nationalism was critical of British imperialism.
Some media outlets have criticized the anti-mainland China sentiment that exists inside Hong Kong's pro-democracy movement, in part for its provocation of Chinese nationalists among the mainland population.
Some have claimed that this enables Chinese Communist Party leadership to reap political gains through a hardline stance.