Polyploidization plays an important role in plant evolution, it is commonly used in agriculture to develop novel phenotypes.

[2] Polyploidization may lead to speciation because the reproductive isolation may develop between hexaploid and either tetraploid or diploid due to the mistake of alignment during meiosis.

Hordeum contains a gene called hordoindoline that affects grain hardness and antimicrobial activity.

High salinity may negatively impact germination success, plant growth, and survival.

Thus, under evolutionary process including natural selection, some plants developed morphological and physiological adaptations to live in high salinity conditions.

Compared to other perennial plants such as Agrostis stolonifera, Hordeum brachyantherum is more tolerated under high salinity.

Hordeum brachyantherum is used to restore the native perennial grasslands in California and to reduce the density of non-native annual plants.