It is endemic to the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Bali, Java and Nias where it inhabits foremost primary forest.

[4] There are many variations of papillae on the surface of the Horsfield's treeshrew's tongue, which depend on the food it eats as well as the pattern and function of its tongue.

[6] The Horsfield's treeshrew eats fruits and insects while mostly consuming arthropods.

[5] It spreads plants seeds and controls insects, and therefore plays a significant role in the ecosystem; it has a special ability to adapt to agroforestry systems.

[7] Data related to Tupaia javanica at Wikispecies