The split of powers and functions meant that the Greater London Council was responsible for "wide area" services such as fire, ambulance, flood prevention, and refuse disposal; with the boroughs (including Hounslow) responsible for "personal" services such as social care, libraries, cemeteries and refuse collection.

As an outer London borough council Hounslow has been a local education authority since 1965.

[7] Since 2000 the Greater London Authority has taken some responsibility for highways and planning control from the council, but within the English local government system the council remains a "most purpose" authority in terms of the available range of powers and functions.

It is a local education authority and is also responsible for council housing, social services, libraries, waste collection and disposal, traffic, and most roads and environmental health.

[18] Prior to 2019 the council was based at Hounslow Civic Centre on Lampton Road, which had been completed in 1975.